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| premiere_date = | premiere_location = Burgtheater, Vienna }} ''The Marriage of Figaro'' (, ), K. 492, is an opera buffa (comic opera) in four acts composed in 1786 by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, with an Italian libretto written by Lorenzo Da Ponte. It premiered at the Burgtheater in Vienna on 1 May 1786. The opera's libretto is based on a stage comedy by Pierre Beaumarchais, ''La folle journée, ou le Mariage de Figaro'' (first performed in 1784). ''The Marriage of Figaro'' is now regarded as a cornerstone of the standard operatic repertoire, and it appears among the top ten at the Operabase list of the most-performed operas worldwide.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://operabase.com/visual.cgi?season=2013&is=operas )〕 ==Composition history== Beaumarchais's earlier play ''The Barber of Seville'' had already made a successful transition to opera in a version by Paisiello. Although Beaumarchais's ''Marriage of Figaro'' was at first banned in Vienna because of its licentiousness,〔Contrary to a persistent myth in modern Mozart literature, there is no evidence whatsoever that the play was banned by the Emperor Joseph II for its political and social satire. The librettist Lorenzo Da Ponte in his memoirs asserted clearly that the play was banned only for its sexual references (which are indeed unremitting). See the ''Memoirs of Lorenzo Da Ponte'', trans. Elisabeth Abbott (New York: Da Capo Press, 1988), 150.〕 Mozart's librettist managed to get official approval for an operatic version which eventually achieved great success. The opera was the first of three collaborations between Mozart and Da Ponte; their later collaborations were ''Don Giovanni'' and ''Così fan tutte''. It was Mozart who originally selected Beaumarchais's play and brought it to Da Ponte, who turned it into a libretto in six weeks, rewriting it in poetic Italian and removing all of the original's political references. In particular, Da Ponte replaced Figaro's climactic speech against inherited nobility with an equally angry aria against unfaithful wives.〔While the political content was suppressed, the opera enhanced the emotional content. According to Stendhal, Mozart "transformed into real passions the superficial attachments that amuse Beaumarchais's easy-going inhabitants of (Almaviva's castle ) Aguas Frescas". Stendhal's French text is in: 〕 Contrary to the popular myth, the libretto was approved by the Emperor, Joseph II, before any music was written by Mozart.〔Nathan Broder. Essay on the Opera in the Schirmer edition〕 The Imperial Italian opera company paid Mozart 450 florins for the work; this was three times his (low) yearly salary when he had worked as a court musician in Salzburg. Da Ponte was paid 200 florins.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Marriage of Figaro」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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